Administrative Appeals

Projects requiring environmental permits are closely scrutinized by regulators and often by other interested parties. We represent our clients in all types of administrative and judicial appeals to both challenge and defend agency decisions. While the goal is always to achieve the desired result without litigation, our lawyers have the expertise and experience to advise clients during the agency process on ways to improve the odds of success on appeal, such as by building an adequate record during the permitting process and preserving legal arguments that pay dividends later in court.

Superfund & Environmental Cleanup

We advise private parties on Superfund liabilities (and how to avoid them, where possible), and have done so since Superfund was enacted in 1980. Over this period we have addressed, and continue to address, Superfund sites of all sizes on behalf of clients whose potential liability range from being one Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) at a multi-million dollar site to de minimis parties. In addition to counseling clients on strategies for limiting their liabilities, when necessary, we have actively litigated Superfund matters in New England and elsewhere.

Toxic Torts

Our environmental attorneys successfully team with members of our Litigation Practice Group to defend toxic tort claims. Our toxic tort claims work includes:

  • Defense of MtBE manufacturers: Represented major U.S. MtBE manufacturers in successfully defeating class certification and individual suits initiated by well owners alleging widespread MtBE contamination of groundwater. Represented the same parties on administrative claims, as well as statutory and common law actions in both state and federal court, including the First Circuit Court of Appeals, arising from alleged leaking underground storage facilities.
  • Defense of CERCLA and RCRA claims: Defend against allegations of air releases and groundwater contamination from various types of operating and formerly operating manufacturing facilities.  For example, represented a former owner of hazardous substance site against CERCLA cost recovery, RCRA claims, and common law toxic tort claims arising from state demands for remediation of coal tar at former manufactured gas plant site.
  • Defense of lead paint manufacturer: Represented Glidden successor Millennium Holdings in securing the reversal of a multi-billion dollar "public nuisance" verdict in Rhode Island.
  • Defense of mill: Represented pulp mill owner and operator in defense of cases brought by Baron & Budd alleging liability for a "cancer cluster" attributed by Plaintiffs' experts to solid waste, water, and air emissions from the mill and its landfill. Case settled on terms favorable to the mill owner and operator after depositions of Plaintiffs' experts

Representative Experience

The $1.5 billion Maine Power Reliability Program was the largest transmission project in Maine's history, with approximately 350 miles of new high voltage transmission line and five new substations. Pierce Atwood was instrumental in helping CMP assess the need for the project through the ISO-New England regional transmission planning process, overseeing the studies to develop the transmission solution for that need, preparing the non-transmission alternative assessment for the project, and obtaining all federal, state, and municipal environmental and land use permits for the project.

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$1.5 Billion CMP Maine Power Reliability Program

Pierce Atwood represented Portland Pipe Line Corp. in legislative opposition to, and in litigation challenging, an ordinance that prevents the use of its pipeline for transporting certain types of crude oil from Canada to tankers in Portland Harbor. Portland Pipe Line Corp. withdrew the lawsuit in July 2021.

Challenge to Municipal Ordinance Preventing Loading of Crude Oil

Defend against allegations of air releases and groundwater contamination from various types of currently-operating and former manufacturing facilities. For example, represented a former owner of hazardous substance site against CERCLA cost recovery, RCRA claims, and common law toxic tort claims arising from state demands for remediation of coal tar at former Manufactured Gas Plant Site.

Defense of CERCLA and RCRA Claims

Represented manufacturing company in administrative enforcement action brought by U.S. EPA alleging improper waste identification, waste management, lack of training, and improper storage of hazardous waste.

Defense of Hazardous Waste Enforcement Action

Defended individual against State of Maine criminal enforcement action for alleged illegal disposal and treatment of hazardous wastes.

Defense of Waste Disposal Criminal Action

Prevailed on summary judgment to obtain dismissal of privacy tort claims against a major supermarket.

Dismissal of Privacy Tort Claims Against Major Supermarket

Pierce Atwood obtained a favorable outcome for our clients at the First Circuit Court of Appeals in Penobscot Nation v. Mills, the case brought by the Penobscot Indian Nation asserting control over the use and water quality of the Penobscot River in Maine. On June 30, 2017, by a 2-1 vote, the First Circuit panel affirmed the Maine U.S. District Court’s ruling that the tribe’s claims are barred by the 1980 Maine Indian Claims Settlement Act. The First Circuit majority also rejected the tribe’s claim that the state has interfered with the tribe’s sustenance fishing rights. Pierce Atwood represents a coalition of municipal and private wastewater discharge licensees on the Penobscot River.

Favorable Ruling in Penobscot Nation v. Mills at First Circuit Court of Appeals

Defended former owner of facility against state court action involving cost-recovery claims, toxic tort claims, and diminution in value claims, alleging damages running to millions of dollars.

Manufactured Gas Plant Cost-Recovery Action

Successfully represented several large manufacturing facilities that underwent extensive PSD/NSR and Refrigerant (CFC, HCFC) compliance reviews by EPA. These reviews began with EPA information requests seeking large amount of information, in some cases dating back to the 1970s, with respect to virtually every capital project at the facilities and detailed review of compliance with Maine’s EPA-approved State Implementation Plan regulations and EPA’s New Source Performance Standards.

Manufacturing Facilities in Air Emissions Compliance

Since 2017, Pierce Atwood has represented Avangrid Networks, Inc. and its affiliates CMP and NECEC Transmission LLC on all aspects of the development of the New England Clean Energy Connect (NECEC), a $1 billion, 147-mile high-voltage direct current transmission line that will interconnect the New England transmission system with the Hydro-Quebec (HQ) transmission system at the Canadian border in western Maine. The NECEC will deliver 1,200 MW of hydropower generated by Hydro-Quebec to the New England grid around the clock for at least 40 years. As found by the Maine PUC, this project promises to reduce the cost of electricity in Maine and New England by tens of millions of dollars each year, increase the reliability of the New England electric grid, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 3.0-3.6 million metric tons annually (the equivalent of removing 700,000 cars from the road).

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New England Clean Energy Connect

Serve as lead PRP counsel and Chair of Steering Committee for over 100 participating PRPs at Plymouth, Maine NPL Superfund site; represent parties in Removal Order, RI/FS Order, Remedial Design AOC and ongoing Technical Impracticability Waiver effort; manage all site issues with EPA and state including PCB issues, Natural Resource Damage claims, post-remediation obligations and financial assurance.

PRP Counsel for Superfund NPL Site in Plymouth, ME

Regularly represent owners and operators (including former owners and operators) at federal and state RCRA Corrective Action sites, including sites with off-site VOC plumes; advise on all aspects of compliance and liability, including Corrective Action Orders and Licenses, negotiation of toxic tort settlements, land swaps, transfers of property to new owner/operator, Natural Resource Damage claims, and financial assurance. Sites have included Saco Defense and Maine Electronics, among others. Pierce Atwood attorneys have actively participated in the Maine DEP Corrective Action Improvements Initiative, beginning in 2017.

RCRA Corrective Action Sites

We defended Grimmel Industries, L.L.C., owner of a scrap yard in Portsmouth, NH, against an administrative enforcement action brought by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for alleged violations of the federal stormwater requirements under the Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Activities. This matter involved negotiating a consent agreement and a substantial supplemental environmental project with The Nature Conservancy.

Settlement of U.S. EPA Stormwater Enforcement Action

Represented multiple large clients at the Wells, Maine Waste Oil site as lead PRP counsel and Chair of Steering Committee in case with over several hundred participating PRPs. Nationally recognized innovative cash out settlement with state, involving property and liability transfers, insurance protections, and toxic tort protections. Continuing to represent the entity that completed the cleanup and manages the site post-closure, including addressing financial assurance matters.

Waste Oil Site